Personal communications are works that cannot be accessed by your readers. These may be verbal, including interviews or unrecorded classroom lectures, or these may be written, including emails or text messages.
Personal communications are only cited in the text of your paper. No entry is provided in the list of References.
Template in-text
Initial(s) and surname of communicator, personal communication, exact date
Tip: Optionally, you may provide the person’s full name, title, location, or any other details you feel are relevant
Parenthetical in-text: (A. Graeme, personal communication, June 4, 2020)
Narrative in-text: A. Graeme (personal communication, June 4, 2020)
